A dissertation in the tradition of logical positivism includes a discussion of the functions and methods of philosophy and a critique of ethics and theology.

On making philosophy intelligible.--What is communication?--Meaning and intentionality.--What must there be?--Metaphysics and common sense.--Philosophy and science.--Chance.--Knowledge, belief, and evidence.--Has Austin refuted the sense-datum theory?--Professor Malcolm on dreams.--An appraisal of Bertrand Russell's philosophy.--G. E. Moore on propositions and facts.--Reflections on existentialism.--Man as a subject for science.--Philosophy and politics.

In this book, the author of "Language, Truth and Logic" tackles one of the central issues of philosophy - how we can know anything - by setting out all the sceptic's arguments and trying to counter them one by one.

Edited by a leading exponent of the school, this book offers--in the words of the movement's founders--logical positivism's revolutionary theories on meaning and metaphysics, the nature of logic and mathematics, the foundations of knowledge ...

Eventually, the series will encompass every major academic discipline, offering all readers an accessible and abundant reference library.

This great new series provides 10 or your favorite songs, all in professionally arranged TAB format for just $10.00. New Rock Guitar TAB features 10 huge hits from today’s modern rock stars. Titles: Going Under (Evanescence) * Paralyzer (Finger Eleven) * American Idiot (Green Day) * The Reason (Hoobastank) * How You Remind Me (Nickelback) * Misery Business (Paramore) * Broken (Seether featuring Amy Lee) * Headstrong (Trapt) * New Shoes (Paolo Nutini) * New Soul (Yael Naim).

A. J. Ayer was one of the foremost analytical philosophers of the twentieth century, and was known as a brilliant and engaging speaker. In essays based on his influential Dewey Lectures, Ayer addresses some of the most critical and controversial questions in epistemology and the philosophy of science, examining the nature of inductive reasoning and grappling with the issues that most concerned him as a philosopher. This edition contains revised and expanded versions of the lectures and two additional essays. Ayer (...) begins by considering Hume's formulation of the problem of induction and then explores the inferences on which we base our beliefs in factual matters. In other essays, he defines the three kinds of probability that inform inductive reasoning and examines the various criteria for verifiability and falsifiability. In his extensive introduction, Graham Macdonald discusses the arguments in _Probability and Evidence_, how they relate to Ayer's other works, and their influence in contemporary philosophy. He also provides a brief biographical sketch of Ayer, and includes a bibliography of works about and in response to _Probability and Evidence_. (shrink)

This book was originally conceived as a sequel to bertrand russell's "a history of western philosophy". it takes up where russell left off. rather than examining a wide number of philosophers superficially, this book deals with a small number of philosophers in depth. the book examines american pragmatists, the analytic movement, phenomenology and existentialism. it examines both critical and speculative philosophy. (staff).

A professor of logic at Oxford, tells of his education at Eton and Oxford, his growing interest in philosophy, and his return to Oxford after service as an intelligence cadet during the war.

The fame of Ludwig Wittgenstein as one the most important and original philosophers of the century-and also as an intense, magnetic personality-has grown steadily since his death in 1951.

I - Individuals 1 2 - The Identity of Indiscernibles 26 3 - Negation 36 4 - The Terminology of Sense-Data 66 5 - Basic Propositions 105 6 - Phenomenalism 125 7 - Statements About the Past 167 8 - One’s Knowledge of Other Minds 191 9 - On What There Is 215 10 - On the Analysis of Moral Judgements 231 11 - The Principle of Utility 250 12 - Freedom and Necessity 271 Index 285.

In _Probability and Evidence_, one of Britain's foremost twentieth-century philosophers addresses central questions in the theory of knowledge and the philosophy of science. This book contains A.J. Ayer's John Dewey Lectures delivered at Columbia University, together with two additional essays, "Has Harrod Answered Hume?" and "The Problem of Conditionals.".

Autobiografie van de Britse wijsgeer, waarin de jaren 1946-1963 aan de ordekomen.

El editor reúne a distintos miembros de la Advisory Council of the British Humanist Association para escribir sobre conceptos, tales como la moralidad, la educación moral, la ética, los medios de comunicación, la muerte o el futuro. Algunos de estos autores son: Cyril Bibby, Raymond Firth, Margaret Knight, Lord Francis Williams, Antony Flew, Peter Henderson, James Hemming, Morris Ginsberg, Lord Ritchie-Calder, Lord Boyd Orr, Kathleen Nott, Brigid Brophy, Cristopher Longuet-Higgins, Kingsley Martin, P. Sargant Florence, Theodore Besterman, F.A.E. Crew, H.J. Eysenck (...) o Sir Karl Popper. (shrink)

"A lively discussion of the life and writings of one of the premier revolutionaries of the eighteenth century. [Ayer's] chapters alternate between the externals of Paine's life and career in England, America, and France and analyses of Common Sense, The Rights of Man, The Age of Reason, other significant but less well known writings, and Paine's anticipations of the welfare state."--History: Reviews of New Books "[An] exciting book about Paine's life and principles."--Christoper Hitchens, Newsday.

Dialogues with British philosophers (A.J. Ayer and others) first broadcast on BBC radio, winter 1970-71.

Introduction: La sociologie, science théorique et pratique de l'humanité.--La morale libertaire, ses conclusions humanitaires.--Morale humanitaire de l'école sociologique et néo-positiviste et de l'école utilitaire.--La morale des idées-forces. Synthèse de l'individualisme et de l'humanitarisme.--Appendice: Le rapprochement des races au point de vue sociologique [mémoire présenté au Congrès des races, tenu à Londres, 1911].

t. 1. Théorie des idées et de l'amour. 3. éd. 1904--t. 2. Esthetioue, morale et religion platoniciennes. 2. éd., rev. et augm. 1888--t. 3. Histoire du platonisme et de ses rapports avec le christianisme. 2. éd., rev. et augm. 1889.--t. 4. Essais de philosophie platonicienne. 2. éd., rev. et augm. 1889.

L'idee moderne du droit (6e ed.) / par Alfred Fouillee,...Date de l'edition originale: 1909Sujet de l'ouvrage: Droit -- PhilosophieCe livre est la reproduction fidele d'une oeuvre publiee avant 1920 et fait partie d'une collection de livres reimprimes a la demande editee par Hachette Livre, dans le cadre d'un partenariat avec la Bibliotheque nationale de France, offrant l'opportunite d'acceder a des ouvrages anciens et souvent rares issus des fonds patrimoniaux de la BnF.Les oeuvres faisant partie de cette collection ont ete (...) numerisees par la BnF et sont presentes sur Gallica, sa bibliotheque numerique.En entreprenant de redonner vie a ces ouvrages au travers d'une collection de livres reimprimes a la demande, nous leur donnons la possibilite de rencontrer un public elargi et participons a la transmission de connaissances et de savoirs parfois difficilement accessibles.Nous avons cherche a concilier la reproduction fidele d'un livre ancien a partir de sa version numerisee avec le souci d'un confort de lecture optimal. Nous esperons que les ouvrages de cette nouvelle collection vous apporteront entiere satisfaction.Pour plus d'informations, rendez-vous sur www.hachettebnf.fr. (shrink)

La morale, l'art et la religion d'apres M. Guyau (4e ed.) / par Alfred FouilleeDate de l'edition originale: 1901Sujet de l'ouvrage: Guyau, Jean-Marie (1854-1888)Philosophie de la religionMoraleArt -- PhilosophieCe livre est la reproduction fidele d'une oeuvre publiee avant 1920 et fait partie d'une collection de livres reimprimes a la demande editee par Hachette Livre, dans le cadre d'un partenariat avec la Bibliotheque nationale de France, offrant l'opportunite d'acceder a des ouvrages anciens et souvent rares issus des fonds patrimoniaux de (...) la BnF.Les oeuvres faisant partie de cette collection ont ete numerisees par la BnF et sont presentes sur Gallica, sa bibliotheque numerique.En entreprenant de redonner vie a ces ouvrages au travers d'une collection de livres reimprimes a la demande, nous leur donnons la possibilite de rencontrer un public elargi et participons a la transmission de connaissances et de savoirs parfois difficilement accessibles.Nous avons cherche a concilier la reproduction fidele d'un livre ancien a partir de sa version numerisee avec le souci d'un confort de lecture optimal. Nous esperons que les ouvrages de cette nouvelle collection vous apporteront entiere satisfaction.Pour plus d'informations, rendez-vous sur www.hachettebnf.frhttp: //gallica.bnf.fr/ark: /12148/bpt6k65428w. (shrink)

Le sage antique, par E. Bréhier.--L'idéal chrétien, par H. Delacroix.--L'honnête homme, par D. Parodi.--Le citoyen moderne, par C. Bouglé.

What sort of existence does the Sum have? Whether we affirm it to be the conceptual being of thought or the concrete existence of an individual, we will be forced to draw conclusions inimical to the Cartesian philosophy, for the alternative interpretations give rise to a serious dilemma. Jules Lequier states the dilemma in this way: "I think, therefore I am. Now in saying: 'I am,' after having said: 'I think,' either I say less, or I say more. If (...) I say less, I am proceeding with certainty, but backwards; if I say more, I advance indeed, but by what right? What perplexity!...Such are the two aspects of this proposition which is alternately evident and sterile, pregnant and obscure for the mind that examines it. But to the extent it is evident, it is sterile; to the extent that it is fruitful, it is obscure.". (shrink)

Excerpt from La France au Point de Vue Morale Depuis douze ans que ce livre fut ecrit, de notables changements se sont produits dans notre pays, sur lesquels nous avons insiste dans notre recent ouvrage: la Democratie politique et sociale en France. Le plus important peut-etre de ces changements a ete la separation des Eglises et de l'Etat, evenement plein de consequences morales et sociales. Cette separation etait inevitable, et la logique de notre histoire, depuis la Revolution francaise, devait tot (...) ou tard l'amener. C'est dans l'enseignement scolaire que les premiers effets de la separation se sont fait deja sentir et se feront sentir de plus en plus. Les programmes elabores il y a trente ans par Jules Simon, Paul Janet et divers philosophes spiritualistes contenaient des notions, d'ailleurs vagues, de religion naturelle, en dehors de toute religion revelee. Ces notions furent assez mal accueillies du clerge catholique, qui y voyait une sorte d'invitation pour les enfants a se contenter de la religion naturelle et de la morale laique. On pretendit, malgre tous les programmes de Jules Simon, que l'Etat avait institue l'ecole sans Dieu, l'ecole contre Dieu. Le clerge catholique soutint que tout enseignement theiste ou deiste, donne en dehors des dogmes, etait une usurpation de l'Etat sur te role du pretre et une occasion fournie aux instituteurs de miner plus ou moins sourdement la foi positive aux religions revelees. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.". (shrink)